Azure databricks cluster permissions


Azure databricks cluster permissions. Mar 2, 2022 · Clusters (Azure) These articles can help you manage your Apache Spark clusters. When possible, populate pools with spot instances to reduce costs. Provide a comment (optional). Mar 14, 2024 · Table access control lets you programmatically grant and revoke access to objects in your workspace’s Hive metastore from Python and SQL. Click Catalog. azuredatabricks. hadoop. Delta Sharing is a secure data sharing platform that lets you share data in Azure Databricks with users outside your organization. This article describes recommendations for setting optional compute configurations. The names are considered non-sensitive and are readable Apr 11, 2024 · Azure Databricks recommends a cluster for every 10 concurrent queries. The maximum allowed size of a request to the Jobs API is 10MB. When table access control is enabled, users must have specific permissions to access tables. This article shows how to manage resources in an Azure Databricks workspace using the Databricks Terraform provider. Click Turn on diagnostics. FileSystem. <view-name>: A name for the view. Table access control is enabled by default in clusters with Shared access mode. A modal appears where you can override policy definitions. The two types of fixed policies are: Fixed policy. Click +Select Members, and select either Access connector for Azure Databricks or User-assigned managed identity. Forbidden policy. Most CLI commands map to operations that are documented in the Azure Databricks REST API reference. You can also use the Workspace configuration API to disable personal access tokens for the workspace. Click Add. terraform {. Log in to the Azure portal as an Owner or Contributor for the Azure Databricks workspace and click your Azure Databricks Service resource. Do check out these prerequisites before running that SQL code. As a workspace admin, log in to the Databricks workspace. The goal of the Databricks Terraform provider is to support all Databricks REST APIs, supporting automation of the most complicated aspects of deploying and managing your data platforms. During a recycle period, you may temporarily see a cluster count that exceeds the maximum as Databricks transitions new workloads to the new cluster and waits to recycle the old cluster until all Apr 24, 2024 · Go to the settings page. Mar 7, 2024 · Go to Access Control (IAM), click + Add, and select Add role assignment. Requirements. This article explains how to configure and use Unity Catalog to manage data in your Azure Databricks workspace. The default language is the language you most recently used, and the notebook is automatically attached to the compute resource that you most recently used. Users need access to compute to run data engineering, data science, and data analytics workloads, such as production ETL pipelines, streaming analytics, ad-hoc analytics, and machine learning. Mar 4, 2022 · When a user who has permission to start a cluster, such as a Databricks Admin user, submits a job that is owned by a different user, the job fails with the following message: Message: Run executed on existing cluster ID <cluster id> failed because of insufficient permissions. cluster_name. Alternatively, go directly to your Azure Databricks account console, at https://accounts. Unless otherwise noted, for limits where Fixed is No, you can request a limit increase through your Azure Databricks Apr 24, 2024 · To create a new notebook in your default folder, click New in the sidebar and select Notebook from the menu. The default storage location in DBFS is known as the DBFS root. Note. current_user(): return the current user name. Manage costs by setting limits on attributes that impact the hourly rate. In the upper-right corner, click Delete. Azure Databricks uses credentials (such as an access token) to verify the identity. It registers metadata about data and AI assets and the permissions that govern access to them. Click the Advanced tab. In the Job details panel, click Edit permissions. This option only displays for sufficiently privileged users. Password permissions — Manage which users can use password login when SSO is enabled. This permission basically lets you handle everything related to clusters, like making new ones and controlling existing ones. This section describes how to register an Azure Databricks Dec 18, 2023 · Go to your Azure Data Explorer cluster. In the detail pane, click Create schema. May 5, 2023 · Taking a journey down memory lane, before Unity Catalog unified the permission model for files, tables and added support for all languages, customers were implementing fine-grained data access control on Databricks using the legacy workspace-level Table ACL (TACL), which were essentially restricted to certain cluster configurations and worked Apr 25, 2024 · Resource limits. 1. The Jobs API allows you to create, edit, and delete jobs. 2 days ago · You must be an Azure Databricks metastore admin or have the CREATE CATALOG privilege on the metastore. To customize a workspace’s Personal Compute policy: Click Compute in the sidebar. /api/2. A workspace is a logical grouping of compute resources and associated libraries, notebooks and processing jobs. Log in to a workspace that is linked to the metastore. , AWS EC2 instances and EBS volumes) with these tags in addition to default_tags. Enable Azure Databricks management of uploads to managed volumes. Select Allowed JARs/Init Scripts. Mar 18, 2024 · You can set Spark properties to configure a Azure credentials to access Azure storage. <storage_account_name>. <schema-name>: The name of the schema. net. Owners change a secret using the Secrets API. Click the Workspace Settings tab. Important. Click your username in the top bar of the Databricks workspace and select Settings. Fixed policies prevent user configuration on an attribute. At the bottom of the page, click the Init Scripts tab. To configure a different default catalog for a workspace: Log in to your workspace as a workspace admin. For details about updates to the Jobs API that support orchestration of multiple tasks with Azure Databricks jobs, see Updating from Jobs API 2. Click Install New. Nov 14, 2023 · - Deploying Azure Databricks clusters in existing virtual networks. On the sidebar, click User management. Jun 29, 2022 · You can use the permissions api to achieve that. The following tables list various numerical limits for Azure Databricks resources. Use audit logs to see privileged activity in a workspace, cluster resizing, files, and folders shared on the cluster. Cluster visibility control: prevents clusters from being visible to users that have no permissions on them. 3 days ago · In Azure Databricks, authentication refers to verifying an Azure Databricks identity (such as a user, service principal, or group ), or an Azure managed identity. To create a managed volume in Catalog Explorer: In your Azure Databricks workspace, click Catalog. ) Enter a name for the volume. Nov 6, 2022 · I have upgraded my expired Student subscription to 'Azure subscription 1' in Azure portal today. To learn how to define a policy, see Compute policy reference. Since these various groups require varying levels of security, permissions and privileges, Databricks has a number of Access Controls and Row Level Security options Mar 21, 2024 · Install a library on a cluster. For additional information about Azure Databricks resource limits, see each individual resource’s overview documentation. More details: https://docs. May 28, 2021 · Azure Databricks Workspace provides an interactive workspace that enables collaboration between data engineers, data scientists, machine learning engineers, data analysts and more. See Compute permissions and Collaborate using Databricks notebooks. Cluster permissions — Manage which users can manage, restart, or attach to clusters. Serverless compute is always available and scales Mar 13, 2024 · To configure Microsoft Entra ID service principal authentication with Azure Databricks, you must set the following associated environment variables, . April 16, 2024. Jul 21, 2018 · Within Azure Databricks, we can use access control to allow admins and users to give access to clusters to other users. Click the name of a job. Click the Service principals tab. Apr 25, 2024 · Users do not have CAN ATTACH TO permission for any cluster that is not enabled for table access control. Tables that grow quickly and require maintenance and tuning effort. is_member(): determine if the current user is a member of a specific Azure Databricks group at the workspace level. Click Networking. It is intended primarily for workspace admins who are using Unity Catalog for the first time. There are two types of cluster access control: Cluster creation permission. Create a job in Azure Databricks and configure the job cluster to read secrets from the secret scope. Use diagnostic logs to audit workspace access and permissions. Apr 2, 2024 · To configure the set of trusted filesystems on a Azure Data Lake Storage credential passthrough cluster, set the Spark conf key spark. Feb 15, 2020 · From an architecture perspective, the permissions in Azure Databricks is quite simplistic. Select the service principal. Destroying databricks_permissions resource for Terraform. Sets permissions on a cluster. Users collaborate on the Databricks platform by being assigned to specific workspaces. On the Grant share dialog, start typing the share name or click the drop-down menu to select the shares you want to grant. Admins are granted the CAN_MANAGE permission by default, and they can assign that permission to non-admin users, and service principals. For the full list of libraries in each version of Databricks Runtime ML, see the release notes. Solution: Admins can bypass table access control, but regular users need explicit May 22, 2023 · There are three levels of permission: CAN_VIEW: Allows read-only access. 2 days ago · A metastore is the top-level container of objects in Unity Catalog. The network traffic for a front-end Apr 12, 2024 · Catalog explorer. Each object within a Databricks workspace (for example a notebook) has a set of “permissions” that can be associated with it. Apr 24, 2024 · For more details on Git folder permissions, see Git folder ACLs. Feb 25, 2023 · Confirm permissions are correctly set on the key vault. Consider the following when creating a pool: Create pools using instance types and Azure Databricks runtimes based on target workloads. In the New principals window, search for and select one or more principals. Click the Policies tab. Click to open the metastore details and permissions UI. Click the key vault. secret. Securable objects in the Hive metastore are hierarchical and privileges are inherited downward. databricks_clusters Data Source. May 5, 2022 · In spark config for a cluster, it works well to refer to a Azure Keyvault secret in the "value" part of the name/value combo on a config row/setting. I want to use Databricks for personal projects as pay-as-you-go. In the Monitoring section of the sidebar, click the Diagnostic settings tab. You can access Azure Synapse from Azure Databricks using the Azure Synapse connector, which uses the COPY statement in Azure Synapse to transfer large volumes of data efficiently between an Azure Databricks cluster and an Azure Synapse instance using an Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 storage account for temporary staging. Click Firewalls and Mar 6, 2024 · Automate the data pipeline with an Azure Databricks job. Delta Live Tables pipeline permissions A user with the Azure Contributor or Owner role who can view and make changes to your Azure Databricks service, Azure subscription, and diagnostic logging configurations. Click the Cluster, Pool and Jobs Access Control toggle. Must consist of alphanumeric characters, dashes, underscores, @, and periods, and may not exceed 128 characters. Optionally, select a policy family from the Family dropdown. Click the Libraries tab. Tables with concurrent write requirements. The Permissions API supports several objects and endpoints: Token permissions — Manage which users can create or use tokens. POST. Click a cluster name. Next to Users, click Manage. azure. Apr 22, 2024 · To configure credentials and create a repo in Databricks Git folders, see Configure Git credentials & connect a remote repo to Azure Databricks. 0/clusters/restart. To create a view, run the following SQL command. Apr 24, 2024 · Add the service principal as a non-administrative user to Azure Databricks using the Databricks SCIM API. This section includes a reference for each of the available policy types. Open Key vaults. Click Add User. To create the cluster using the REST API, see Create new cluster. Step 2: Add users and assign the workspace admin role. For workspace operations, specify the per The created cluster could be referred to by providing its ID as cluster_id property. There are four assignable permission levels for databricks_job: CAN_VIEW, CAN_MANAGE_RUN, IS_OWNER, and CAN_MANAGE. <query>: The query, columns, and tables and views used to compose the view. fs. Apr 18, 2024 · On the compute configuration page, click the Advanced Options toggle. Populate pools with on-demand instances for jobs with short execution times and strict execution time requirements. The Install library dialog displays. Create a view. The front-end connection is also used by JDBC/ODBC and Power BI integrations. You must have a Unity Catalog metastore linked to the workspace where you perform the catalog creation. Go to the admin settings page. Copy. In Permission Settings, click the Select User, Group or Service Principal… drop-down menu and select a user, group, or service principal. Create a policy. trustedFilesystems on that cluster to be a comma-separated list of the class names that are trusted implementations of org. Can Restart permission to automatically trigger the cluster to start if its state is terminated when connecting. Items in brackets are optional. g. Click the Spark tab. databricks = {. This article focuses on permissions granted to identities at the Databricks workspace level. Click Compute in the sidebar. Mar 7, 2024 · In this article. If the pool has no idle instances, the pool expands by allocating a new instance from the instance provider in order to accommodate the cluster’s request. (You must have sufficient privileges. These are the basic instruction to create a policy. Click Create policy. The following are examples of scenarios that benefit from clustering: Tables often filtered by high cardinality columns. In the Catalog pane on the left, click the catalog you want to create the schema in. Apr 18, 2024 · Azure Databricks includes two user functions that allow you to express column- and row-level permissions dynamically in the body of a view definition that is managed by the Hive metastore. Verify the Get and List permissions are applied. Under the Definitions tab, click Edit. In the left pane, expand the Delta Sharing menu and select Shared by me. Individual cluster permissions. Inspect the firewall configuration on the key vault. Databricks recommends using Unity Catalog to manage access to all data stored in cloud object storage. You must have the CAN MANAGE permission on a compute to configure compute permissions. Only if your cluster is a shared access cluster, it will be enabled by default. spark_conf - (Optional) Map with key-value pairs to fine-tune Spark clusters, where you can provide custom Spark configuration properties in a cluster configuration. Inheritance model. Mar 5, 2024 · All Azure Databricks identities can be assigned as members of groups, and members inherit permissions that are assigned to their group. Under Assign access to, select Managed identity. Make sure your Azure Databricks account, workspace, and the signed-in user meet the requirements for Partner Mar 1, 2024 · Advanced configuration. For account operations, specify https://accounts. 2 Kudos. If the cluster is not currently in a RUNNING state, nothing will happen. dfs. required_providers {. Audit logging Apr 25, 2024 · Databricks recommends that you reassign the metastore admin role to a group. 2 days ago · This article gives an overview of the cloud storage connection configurations that are required to work with data using Unity Catalog. For example, notebooks can have the following permissions: Users can view, comment and also attach/detach the notebook from a Apr 26, 2024 · An Azure Databricks cluster or Databricks SQL warehouse. In Spark config, enter the configuration properties as one key-value pair per line. If you cannot access the allowlist UI, contact your metastore admin for assistance in allowlisting libraries and init scripts. This means that granting or denying a privilege on the CATALOG automatically grants or denies the privilege to all schemas in the catalog. Replace the placeholder values: <catalog-name>: The name of the catalog. Mar 1, 2024 · In this article. On the Recipients tab, find and select the recipient. You can use the Databricks Terraform provider to manage your Azure Databricks workspaces and the associated cloud infrastructure using a flexible, powerful tool. Databricks Runtime for Machine Learning (Databricks Runtime ML) automates the creation of a cluster with pre-built machine learning and deep learning infrastructure including the most common ML and DL libraries. Workspace Access Control. You must restart your cluster to fetch the secret again. See Access modes. The cluster that you use to run a notebook to create a catalog must use a Unity Catalog-compliant access mode. DBFS is implemented as a storage account in your Azure Databricks workspace’s managed resource group. Give the schema a name and add any comment that would help users understand the purpose of the schema. oauth2. databrickscfg fields, Terraform fields, or Config fields: The Azure Databricks host. html Nov 9, 2023 · In Azure Databricks, if you want to create a cluster, you need to have the "Can Manage" permission. Select one of the Library Source options, complete the instructions that appear, and then click Install. A user who has both unrestricted cluster Nov 29, 2022 · Before trying make sure that your cluster has table access control enabled. Admins with an existing proxy clusters can now modify the cluster ACL permission to leverage generally available Git server proxy behavior. Select the Personal Compute policy. Mar 6, 2024 · To customize a workspace’s Personal Compute policy: Click Compute in the sidebar. My guess is it is number one. See Assign a metastore admin. Tables with significant skew in data distribution. Apr 18, 2024 · This article describes recommendations for setting optional compute configurations. id. See Configure Unity Catalog storage account for CORS. Azure Databricks account admins should create one metastore for each region in which they operate and assign them to Azure Databricks workspaces in the same region. Mar 14, 2024 · Front-end Private Link, also known as user to workspace: A front-end Private Link connection allows users to connect to the Azure Databricks web application, REST API, and Databricks Connect API over a VNet interface endpoint. To manage privileges in SQL, you use GRANT and REVOKE statements in a notebook or the Databricks SQL query editor, using the syntax: SQL. In the sidebar, click Compute. Apr 16, 2024 · Cluster owners must have CAN READ permission on the secret scope. The secret scope name: Must be unique within a workspace. Restarts a Spark cluster with the supplied ID. Click your username in the top bar of the workspace and select Settings from the dropdown. Register. Hive metastore table access control is a legacy data governance model. CLI command groups that are not documented in the REST API reference have their own separate reference articles, which are linked in the following table: Expand table. Retrieves a list of databricks_cluster ids, that were created by Mar 4, 2024 · To use the UI to configure a cluster to run an init script, complete the following steps: On the cluster configuration page, click the Advanced Options toggle. Clusters can inherit permissions from their root object. Select the Storage Queue Data Contributor role, and click Next. Jun 9, 2023 · AZURE_QUOTA_EXCEEDED_EXCEPTION can mean 2 things: you use Community Edition (and Databricks SQL is not available on that edition) your CPU quota is exceeded on Azure, meaning you have to increase the number of available CPUs (with a change request). Under keyvault (test-akv)->Networking set "Allow trusted Microsoft services to bypass this firewall" to Yes so that on firewall side Databricks is allowed to connect. Similarly, privileges granted on a schema object are inherited by all objects in that schema. Connect Power BI Desktop to Azure Databricks using Partner Connect. If you’re an admin, you can choose which users can create clusters. Click the Personal Access Tokens toggle. Note: This feature is in public preview. It helps simplify security and governance of your data by providing a central place to administer and audit data access. To reduce configuration decisions, Azure Databricks recommends taking advantage of both serverless compute and compute policies. Once the scope is created. Serverless compute is always available and scales according to your Apr 26, 2024 · Click your username in the top bar of the Azure Databricks workspace and select Settings. 3 days ago · In your Azure Databricks workspace, click your username in the top bar and click Manage account. For example, this works fine (I've removed the string that is our specific storage account name): fs. Simplify the user interface, enabling more users to create clusters, by fixing and hiding some fields. When I go to my Databricks workspace and to my notebook and try to create a cluster, Compute - Create with Personal Compute - it gives me this error: Access Denied 1 day ago · In your Azure Databricks workspace, click Catalog. Specify a path to the init script, such as one of the To learn how to use Catalog Explorer to manage privileges see, Manage Unity Catalog permissions in Catalog Explorer. Apr 24, 2024 · As a workspace admin, log in to the Azure Databricks workspace. Click on the Identity and access tab. To create Azure Databricks workspaces, you Workspace access control: enables users to configure permissions to workspace objects. Sign in to your Azure Databricks account, if prompted. A user who has unrestricted cluster create permission can select the Unrestricted policy and create fully-configurable clusters. Example: Million Song 2 days ago · Unity Catalog is a fine-grained governance solution for data and AI on the Databricks platform. In the Source drop-down, select the Workspace, Volume, or ABFSS source type. Click Add Group. Permissions API are used to create read, write, edit, update and manage access for various users on different objects and endpoints. Click Edit. On the Default catalog for the workspace row, enter the catalog name and click Save. The following are the administrative roles that can manage Azure Databricks identities: Account admins can add users, service principals, and groups to the account and assign them admin roles. If you have a fully automated setup with workspaces created by databricks_mws_workspaces or azurerm_databricks_workspace, please make sure to add depends_on attribute in order to prevent default auth: cannot configure default credentials errors. Databricks creates and opens a new, blank notebook in your default folder. databricks. apache. Serverless compute does not require configuring compute settings. The Databricks SQL query analyzer enforces access control policies at runtime. GRANT privilege_type ON securable_object TO principal. In Permission Settings, click the Select user, group or service principal… drop-down menu and select a user, group, or service principal. Before users can configure Python and SQL table access control, a Databricks workspace must enable table access control for the Databricks workspace and deny users access to clusters that are not enabled for table access control. Nov 30, 2023 · Table access control is enabled on your Databricks cluster, and you are not an admin. Can Manage: same as Restart but with cluster resize and library install. This change may take a few seconds to take effect. Name the policy. Apr 24, 2024 · Step 1: Confirm that your workspace is enabled for Unity Catalog. On the row for the compute, click the kebab menu on the right, and select Edit permissions. If your company uses an on-premises enterprise Git service, such as GitHub Enterprise or Azure DevOps Server, you can use the Databricks Git Server Proxy to connect your Databricks workspaces to the repos it serves. Search or browse for the schema that you want to add the volume to and select it. See Compute permissions for more information. Azure Databricks uses cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) to upload data to managed volumes in Unity Catalog. When cluster nodes are created using the idle instances, cluster start and auto-scaling times are reduced. Next to Service principals, click Manage. Grant the service principal read access to the secret scope. Click the Create Volume button. Mar 25, 2024 · Enable double encryption for DBFS. net {{secrets/secret Sets permissions on a cluster. Databricks File System (DBFS) is a distributed file system mounted into an Azure Databricks workspace and available on Azure Databricks clusters. Microsoft Entra ID administrators with permission to enable Microsoft Entra ID (formerly Azure Active Directory) conditional access. Mar 12, 2024 · Diagnostic logs require the Premium plan. (Optional) Set up a proxy for enterprise Git servers. Cluster, pool, jobs access control: enables users to configure permissions to clusters, pools, and jobs. resource "databricks_sql_permissions" "foo_table" { cluster_id = databricks_cluster. You have permission to create a cluster or access to a cluster. Show 8 more. On the Diagnostic settings page, provide the following . Select an existing user to assign to the workspace or click Add new to create a new user. pyspark. Azure Databricks pools are a set of idle, ready-to-use instances. Configure your cluster to run a custom Databricks runtime image via the UI or API Add a service principal to a workspace using the workspace admin settings. core. Jan 10, 2022 · Create an "Azure Key Vault-backed scopes" for that keyvault (test-akv) in Databricks console. The credentials can be scoped to either a cluster or a notebook. (Optional) To publish tables to Unity Catalog, you must create a catalog and schema in Unity Catalog. Cluster policy permissions — Manage which users can use cluster policies. Apr 23, 2024 · Azure Databricks compute refers to the selection of computing resources available in the Azure Databricks workspace. The following configuration blocks initialize the most common variables, databricks_spark_version, databricks_node_type, and databricks_current_user. Load the Azure Portal. When table access control is enabled, users can set permissions for data objects that are accessed using that cluster. Policy names are case insensitive. Select Select to complete the assignment. So basically if you assign Attach or Restart permissions, the user is not allowed to install libraries. When you configure compute using the Clusters API, set Spark properties in the spark_conf field in the create cluster API or Update cluster API. Select Add, and select the role you want to assign. To reduce configuration decisions, Databricks recommends taking advantage of both serverless compute and compute policies. Click your username in the top bar of the Azure Databricks workspace and select Settings. Apr 26, 2024 · Databricks Runtime for Machine Learning. com/dev-tools/api/latest/permissions. Select an existing group to assign to the workspace or click Add new to create a new account group. To install a library on a cluster: Click Compute in the sidebar. Only cluster owners can add a reference to a secret in a Spark configuration property or environment variable and edit the existing scope and name. Remove global CAN_ATTACH_TO permissions. In the Overrides section, add the updated definitions and click OK. Restart cluster. Sep 9, 2021 · There are 4 kinds of permissions: no permission (says enough I think) Can Attach To: attach a notebook (and display logs) Can Restart: same as above with stop/start/restart. Create a cluster enabled for table access control. client. CAN_RUN: Allows read access and run access (superset of CAN_VIEW) CAN_MANAGE: Allows all actions: read, run, edit, delete, modify permissions (superset of CAN_RUN) As such, I then moved to try the Identity and Access Management > Permissions APIs however both Get object Mar 7, 2024 · Pool considerations. Click Access policies. Click Grant share. There are two categories of policy types: fixed policies and limiting policies. Apr 17, 2024 · You must have CAN MANAGE or IS OWNER permission on the job in order to manage permissions on it. Databricks will tag all cluster resources (e. Create an Azure Key Vault-backed secret scope in Azure Databricks. Also someone with admin privileges must enable table access control to your workspace. The creator of a job has IS_OWNER permission. account. # It is required to define all permissions for a securable in a single resource, otherwise Terraform cannot guarantee config drift prevention. To maintain optimal performance, Databricks periodically recycles clusters. Click Confirm. Users can either connect to existing Mar 21, 2024 · Supported policy types. Use both cluster access control and notebook access control together to protect access to Azure storage. Warning. 0 to 2. Apr 3, 2024 · In your Azure Databricks workspace, click Catalog. You can use Partner Connect to connect to a cluster or SQL warehouse from Power BI Desktop in just a few clicks. Once the connection is allowed we will Add AzureDatabricks Apr 18, 2024 · Databricks recommends liquid clustering for all new Delta tables. 4 days ago · To display help for a command, run databricks <command-group> <command-name> -h. In the left-hand menu, under Security + networking, select Permissions. Unity Catalog provides a suite of tools to configure secure connections to cloud object storage. Next to Groups, click Manage. In the sidebar, click Job Runs. They can give A Databricks-backed secret scope is stored in (backed by) an encrypted database owned and managed by Azure Databricks. Where: Make sure the user has the following permissions so as to connect to the Azure Databricks cluster: Can Attach To permission to connect to the running cluster. You’re logged into Azure Databricks and in the Data Science & Engineering workspace. windows. After Azure Databricks verifies the caller’s identity, Azure Databricks then uses a process Nov 2, 2020 · Yes, the permissions API lets you manage permissions in the Azure Databricks. ur in my qp xj hc zm tk gd vg